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The Mud Resist dye - Bela Block Print

Bela block printing in Kutch is a lesser-known traditional craft that has seen a significant decline over the years. It is a traditional textile art known for its bold designs, striking colour combinations, and graphic motifs on textured fabrics. Kutch in Gujarat is a significant producer of this style, with the Khatri community renowned for practising the craft.

The process

Artisans apply an alum paste to the fabric, followed by exposure to sunlight for enhanced color fastness.

The fabric undergoes permanent dyeing.

After washing, artisans print the fabric with a mud paste, imparting a blackish hue by boiling it in water containing iron rust.

Wooden blocks, meticulously carved by skilled artisans, are dipped in natural dyes and pressed onto the fabric to create the desired patterns.

The wooden blocks used in Bela printing are a work of art themselves. They are carved from seasoned wood and come in various shapes and sizes, featuring intricate geometric, floral, and animal motifs.

The artisans’ skill and creativity are evident in the precision and detail of the block designs.

Geography & Ethnography

Bela village, nestled in the Rapar block of Gujarat’s kutch region, is the cradle of this exquisite craft. Historically, Bela-style cloth production was not limited to this village alone; it had a significant presence in East kutch, where it was known as “Patthar” and used in the creation of dowry gifts.

Over time, the art form became closely associated with the Rabari herding community, and their traditional woollen shawls were particularly sought-after.

Features

In contrast to ajrakh, another celebrated block printing method from Kutch recognized for its delicate lines and geometric or floral designs, Bela printing employs broader lines and features motifs such as elephants and horses.

 Bela recently received recognition as an endangered craft from the office of the Development Commissioner for Handicrafts. This designation is a positive step, as it opens avenues for government-sponsored exhibitions and other forms of support to reach more people.

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